reframing the 2x4: reciprocal frame timber structures 

arch662 + arch660 - thesis, fall 2020-summer 2021
hyde park, chicago, il
prof. tsz yan ng, prof. wes mcgee, ryan culligan, benton johnson, sydney brown, kyle vansice, rahul attraya, megan mohney, jonathan baranowski, rishabh moorjani, simon beskitt
nicholas di donato, huiting du, charlotte fuss, nicolas garcia, jeong su han, yuhao huang, hannah kirkpatrick, ho kyung lee, meghan owens, hana saifullah, xingyue sun

site

ray elementary school is located in hyde park, chicago, il. this k-8th grade chicago public school is the proposed site for a timber outdoor classroom


reciprocal frame

a reciprocal frame is a self-supporting structure made up of at least three members.




various parameters can be changed, including the number of members, their lengths, the angle at which they sit, and the angle they intersect at.




joints

in pairs, we investigated various joint types and assemblies associated with reciprocal frames



node   
mortise + tenon
tapered joint
tolerance


assemblies




member type efficiency
double layer reciprocal frame

through these explroations, we found double layer reciprocal frames to be an interesting way of separating the topology of a roof structure from that of a ceiling structure while still keeping the system unified.


computational design process



prototype 1




ceiling  

ceiling + roof

ceiling + roof + interstitial members


ceiling generation: mesh vertices
node angle: 90º
node alignment: aligned
ceiling to roof node ratio: 3:1
interstitial member orientation: orthogonal
member count: 64
overall dimensions: 11’-6” x 13’-1” x 2’-7” 


prototype 2




ceiling  

ceiling + roof

ceiling + roof + interstitial members


ceiling generation: mesh edges
node angle: 74º - 108º
node alignment: offset
ceiling to roof node ratio: 1:1
interstitial member orientation: diagonal
member count: 52
overall dimensions: 17’-10” x 18’-0” x 3’-3”


prototype 3

we also looked at stacking as a system to build up slab volume



final design assembly



use